Amahi Wiki - User contributions [en]

Adding a second hard drive to your HDA

2011-05-15T08:56:41Z

Sabat:

{{MessageBox|
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image =Warning.png|
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message = This is recommended only for advanced users, proceed with caution.}}
http://wiki.amahi.org/index.php/Adding_drives_to_your_HDA is another howto on doing this, a bit shorter and less elaborate, which can be good for some people, specially a novice unfamiliar with doing any of this.

More hard drives can be added in your Amahi HDA for additional storage space.

We'll detail how to add such hard drives, and how to put them to good use.

=Important Notes=

* This is an how-to on how to add additional drives to your HDA.
* Amahi cannot be held responsible for any data breakage or destruction arising from the use or misuse of this script. We provide it as a service in good will. You accept this automatically if you use the script.
* This page and script does not support GUID-partitioned drives (such as drives previously in a Mac or have GPT partition tables). You can find what your partition is like with <code>fdisk -l</code>

=Make sure your drive is detected by Fedora=

Open a Terminal, and type the following command:

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 0 1em;">
ls -1 /dev/disk/by-id/ | egrep -v "part|scsi"
</div>

Look for the line that matches the hard drive you added.

IDE and SATA hard drives will start with '''ata-''' and USB hard drives will start with '''usb-'''.<br/>
Look for your hard drive model and serial number.

Example:

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
[gb@hda ~]$ ls -1 /dev/disk/by-id/ | egrep -v "part|scsi"
ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V
ata-ST31000528AS_6VP08W65
ata-ST3750640A_3QD0LJN8
ata-ST3750640A_5QD27A57
ata-WDC_WD10EADS-00L5B1_WD-WCAU4C700358
usb-ST310003_33AS_9E1CA6FFFFFF-0:0
usb-ST375064_0A_2009031309E2-0:0
</div>

=Install prerequisites=

[[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], type the following (two) commands:

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px; text-align: left">
yum -y install pmount fuse fuse-libs ntfs-3g gparted util-linux-ng
</div>

=Partition and format the hard drive=

This step is optional, and should only be executed if you want to delete the content of your new hard drive, or if the hard drive has not yet been formatted.

You should (unless you have a good reason not to) use GParted to partition and format your hard drive.<br/>
Not having X installed would qualify as a good reason! In such cases, either use SSH X11 Forwarding (Google that if you'd like to use this), or [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Using_cfdisk|use cfdisk]] from a [[Open Terminal as root|Terminal, as root]].

You'll probably want to create a single partition, and format it as ''ext3''.<br/>
Note that Windows can't read ext3 partitions, so if you want dual-boot Windows on your Amahi PC, or if you intend to connect this hard drive to a Windows computer later, you should format as NTFS instead, and you should do that on Windows before you connect the drive in your HDA.<br/>
Remember that using NTFS partitions on Linux will be slower that using ext3 partitions, so you should only use NTFS if you really need it.<br/>
How much slower: compare the blue bars (NTFS-3G) with the red bars (ext3) on [http://www.tuxera.com/products/tuxera-ntfs-commercial/performance/ this graph].

To know what device (/dev/sdX) you need to partition and format, use the following command, in a [[Open Terminal as root|Terminal, as root]]:

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/
</div>

Find the row corresponding to your hard drive, and look at the end of the line to identify the correct device to use.

Example:
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"><small>
[gb@hda ~]$ ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V-part1 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-ST31000528AS_6VP08W65 -> ../../sdb
</small>
</div>

In the above example, /dev/sdb would be what I would select in GParted (or use on the cfdisk command). sda in my primary hard drive, and sdb my second hard drive.

==Using GParted==
From the HDA desktop (or using VNC), [[Open Terminal as root]] and type '''gparted''' to launch the GParted application.

Select the device (/dev/sdX) that you found above.

In the above example, /dev/sdb would be what I would select in GParted.

There are many easy to follow guides online on how to use GParted. You should Google for one, to find one that seems clear to you.

[http://www.mepisguides.com/Mepis-6/Install/gparted/gparted-set-partition.html Here's one] that looks simple. Just use ext3 instead of fat32 in you follow that tutorial.

Note that gparted supports GUID-partitioned drives, however, these directions and script do not support it at the moment.

==Using cfdisk==
From a [[Open Terminal as root|terminal, as root]], type '''cfdisk /dev/sdX''' to launch the cfdisk application.

If you have a GUID-partitioned drive, cfdisk will complain. GUID partitions are not supported.

Make sure to replace /dev/sdX with the actual device (eg. /dev/sdb) that you found above.

If your hard drive contains existing partitions, select them one by one at the top (using up/down arrow keys), then select the '''[ Delete ]''' action (using the left/right arrow keys), then hit ENTER.

You should now only have Free Space listed at the top.<br/>
Select the '''[ New ]''' action, and accept the default (Primary, and size).

You should now have a single partition listed at the top, of type Linux.<br/>
Select the '''[ Write ]''' action, then '''[ Quit ]'''.

Now that you partitioned your drive, you need to format your newly created partition.<br/>
To format as EXT3, use this command:

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
mkfs.ext3 -j /dev/sdX1
</div>

Replace ext3 with ext4 in the above command to format your partition as EXT4 instead of EXT3.

'''/dev/sdX1''' in the above command refers to the partition your created in cfdisk.<br/>
Go back in cfdisk, and check the ''Name'' column if you're unsure.<br/>
If you see ''sdb1'' in the name column, you should use '''/dev/sdb1''' in the above command.

=Mount the hard drive=

A script is provided with Amahi that will look for unmounted partitions in your system, and mount any it finds.

[[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], type the following command:

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
hda-diskmount
</div>

Example:
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px; text-align: left;">
<small>
[root@hda ~]$ hda-diskmount
****************************************************************
Ignoring /dev/sda1 - already in /etc/fstab or mounted
****************************************************************
Mounted /dev/<strong style="color:green">sdb1</strong> as '<strong style="color:red">/var/hda/files/drives/sdb1</strong>' (read-write)
You may want your system to mount it every time you boot.
To do so, add this line VERY CAREFULLY to /etc/fstab and reboot:
<strong style="color:blue">UUID=9d972abc-1639-44df-a60e-668618d40236 /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1 ext4 defaults 1 2</strong>
****************************************************************
All Linux, Windows and Mac partitions on non-removable disks have been mounted
</small>
</div>

Do '''not''' edit /etc/fstab just yet. What you'll need to add there will depend on how you want to use the extra storage. More about that below.<br/>
Just note down the information in bold (green, red and blue). We'll use them below.

Note about ext4 in the blue line above: that doesn't necessarily mean your partition is formatted as ext4. It means the ext4 driver will be used to mount your partition. Since that driver is backward compatible, it can be safely used to mount ext2, ext3 and ext4 partitions.

If you get something like ''Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table'' or ''mount: unknown file system type 'lvm2pv''' its because you have LVM's that 'fdisk' can not recognize (or something similar). It's nothing to worry about if you get that when executing the hda-diskmount script.

==Test your hard drive==
Optionally, you can test your new drive for bad blocks.<br/>
Note that this step can take a ''long'' time to complete! You'll probably want to start it in the evening, to have it completed in the morning.

To do so, [[Open Terminal as root|in a Terminal, as root]], type the following command. Replace <strong style="color:green">sdb1</strong> with the (green) value you received from hda-diskmount.

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
e2fsck -cn /dev/<strong style="color:green">sdb1</strong>
</div>

You'll receive a warning that says "WARNING!!! Running e2fsck on a mounted filesystem may cause SEVERE filesystem damage. Do you really want to continue (y/n)?"<br/>
Answer ''yes''. The -cn option we're using can safely be used on mounted filesystems.

=Use the hard drive=

You have a choice here on how to use your new hard drive storage space. We'll offer some examples.

==Use the hard drive for all shares==

If you want all your shares to be on your new hard drive, here's how to do that.

First, you'll want to move all you previous shares data, if any, into your new drive.<br/>
You only need to do this next command if you have data that you care about in the /var/hda/files/* folders.<br/>
[[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], type the following command. Replace the path in red with the path you received when you ran hda-diskmount.
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
mv /var/hda/files/* <strong style="color:red">/var/hda/files/drives/sdb1/</strong>
</div>
You'll get a warning about "cannot move `/var/hda/files/drives' to a subdirectory of itself"; that is fine, ignore that.

Next, you'll need to unmount your new hard drive, and remount it as /var/hda/files

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
umount /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1/
</div>

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
nano /etc/fstab
</div>

In nano, you'll need to add a new line at the bottom. Take the line that hda-diskmount gave you (the blue one), and change the second value (the path).<br/>
Replace the second value with '''/var/hda/files'''.

hda-diskmount gave me:
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
<span style="color:blue">UUID=9d972abc-1639-44df-a60e-668618d40236 <strong>/var/hda/files/drives/sdb1</strong> ext4 defaults 1 2</span>
</div>

So I should add this instead:
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
UUID=9d972abc-1639-44df-a60e-668618d40236 <strong>/var/hda/files</strong> ext4 defaults 1 2
</div>

Make sure you do '''not''' change anything else from the blue line you received from hda-diskmount.<br/>
It might not be the same thing as the above example; you need to use the values you've received.

Save and exit nano (CTRL-X, Y, ENTER), and try your new mount:

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
mount -a
ls /var/hda/files/
</div>

That last command should show you the content of you new hard drive.

That's it. All your shares in /var/hda/files are now on your new hard drive.

==Use the hard drive for only some shares==

If you want only some of your shares to be on your new hard drive, here's how to do that.

First, you'll want to move your previous shares data, if any, into your new drive.<br/>
You only need to do this next command if you have data that you care about in the /var/hda/files/* folders (that you want on the new drive).<br/>
[[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], type the following command. Replace the path in red with the path you received when you ran hda-diskmount. Replace '''something''' with the name of the share you want to have on your new drive (the share should already exist).
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
mv /var/hda/files/<strong>something</strong> <strong style="color:red">/var/hda/files/drives/sdb1/</strong>
</div>

Repeat with every share you want on your new drive.

Next, you'll need to make the mount permanent

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
umount /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1<br/>
nano /etc/fstab
</div>

In nano, you'll need to add a new line at the bottom. Take the line that hda-diskmount gave you, and insert that.<br/>

So, following previous examples, I should add this:

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px; text-align: left;">
<span style="color: blue;">UUID=9d972abc-1639-44df-a60e-668618d40236 /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1 ext4 defaults 1 2</span>
</div>

Save and exit nano (CTRL-X, Y, ENTER), and try your new mount:

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
mount -a
ls /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1
</div>

That last command should show you the content of you new hard drive.

That's it. Your share(s) are now on your new hard drive.

==Use the hard drive in your Greyhole storage pool==

If you want to add your new hard drive to your Greyhole storage pool, here's how to do that.

First, you'll need to make the mount permanent. [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], type the following command:

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
umount /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1
nano /etc/fstab
</div>

In nano, you'll need to add a new line at the bottom. Take the line that hda-diskmount gave you, and insert that.<br/>

So, following previous examples, I should add this:

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px; text-align: left;">
<span style="color: blue;">UUID=9d972abc-1639-44df-a60e-668618d40236 /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1 ext4 defaults 1 2</span>
</div>

Save and exit nano (CTRL-X, Y, ENTER), and try your new mount:

<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
mount -a
</div>

Finally, you'll need to configure Greyhole to select your new partition. To configure Greyhole, Advanced Settings must be enabled under [http://hda/setup?sub=settings&tab=setting Setup > Settings].

In the [http://hda/setup?sub=disk_pooling&tab=share Shares > Storage Pool page] of your Amahi dashboard, you'll see a list of mounted partitions, with checkboxes next to each, allowing you to include those partitions in your storage pool.

You should now have a new row in there, referring to /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1.

Select it (click the checkbox).

That's it. Your new hard drive just increased your Greyhole storage pool capacity.

Proftpd

2011-01-14T02:34:03Z

Sabat: Created page with "Proftpd is a great ftp daemon, and I created a 1-click install for it, but I felt it was incomplete. I could ftp to my user homedirs, but not the shares on a default install. Her..."

Proftpd is a great ftp daemon, and I created a 1-click install for it, but I felt it was incomplete. I could ftp to my user homedirs, but not the shares on a default install. Here's what I came up with to fix that.

#Install proftpd via the hda menu
#Follow the howto at http://wiki.amahi.org/index.php/Mount_Shares_Locally
#edit /etc/proftpd.conf, remove the VRootEngine, and VRootAlias lines
#change the DefaultRoot to /mnt/samba
#service proftpd restart

File:Xbmc-ss.png

2011-01-13T05:30:53Z

Sabat:

2010-11-25T23:16:03Z

Sabat:

Sabat also wrote a how-to on xbmc http://wiki.amahi.org/index.php/XBMC
==Installing XBMC on Fedora 12==

XBMC by default has no rpm's, and compiling doesnt work due to some error in the python library.
however, someone was kind enough to compile working rpm's out of the SVN branch, making XBMC a nice piece of quality software to add to your HDA expirience.

===Installing the required repository's===
First, we have to create 2 files:

*/etc/yum.repos.d/spotnet.repo
the contents of this file should be:<br>
[spotnet]<br>
name=Fedora Core $releasever - $basearch - SpotNet<br>
baseurl=http://fedora.spot.net.id/yum/fedora/$releasever/$basearch/<br>
gpgcheck=0

*/etc/yum.repos.d/atrpms.repo
the contents of this file should be:<br>
[atrpms]<br>
name=Fedora Core $releasever - $basearch - ATrpms<br>
baseurl=http://dl.atrpms.net/f$releasever-$basearch/atrpms/stable<br>
gpgkey=http://ATrpms.net/RPM-GPG-KEY.atrpms<br>
gpgcheck=1

*run yum update to have yum update its packages lists.

===Installing XBMC===
To install XBMC we open up a terminal, su to root and execute the following command:
yum install xbmc xbmc-skin-*

This should install xbmc, its required dependencies, and all the skins currently available in the main package!
once you're done, XBMC is located inside the GNOME Menu, and you can start adding files to your library

[[User:Janjacobs|janjacobs]] 20:08, 12 December 2009 (UTC)