A secondary hard drive (fat32, ntfs, etc) can be added <center>{{MessageBox|backgroundcolor = #faa|image =Warning.png|heading =WARNING|message = This is recommended only for additional storage in your Amahi HDA. First thing's first'Advanced'' users, make sure your drive is connected properly and detected by the biosproceed with caution.}}</center><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: . 8em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 0px 1em;">
It can be configured to mount permanently using the '''NOTE:''' The Amahi [httphttps://wikiwww.amahi.org/images/c/c6apps/Diskmounter.sh diskmounterdisk-wizard Disk Wizard] script application (thanks to Dennis Kaarsemaker and Luigi CapriottiAmahi 8 or greater '''ONLY''')provides this capability from the Dashboard UI.
* Execute the script as ''root'' and answer YES to the prompt </div><br />The purpose of this tutorial is to make the drive writable to all users. * Once completepartitioning, formatting, reboot and mounting hard drives in the secondary drive should automatically mount. * As user ''root'', edit '''''/etc/fstab''''' Amahi server simple for those new to change location of shared ''//hda'' folders to the secondary driveLinux. * To run the diskmounter script, in the directory where the file is located, do the following:
<code>In order to keep this process simple, it's important '''NOT''' to connect additional hard drive(s) until the end of the [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Preparation|Preparation]] step./Diskmounter.sh</code>
This is what the script added for my drive=Disclaimer=* [https: ''Added by diskmounter utility'' ''/dev/sdb1 /var/hda/files vfat rw,user,fmask=0111,dmask=0000 0 0'' www.amahi.org Amahi] cannot be held responsible for any data breakage or destruction arising from the use or misuse of this script. We provide it as a service in good will. You accept this automatically if you use the script.
I changed second path to '''''* [http:/var/hda/files''''' to enable all shared files to be stored on the secondary hard driveen.wikipedia. This is the default path for ''org/wiki/hda'' file storage systemGUID_Partition_Table GUID-partitioned] hard drives (such as those previously used in a Mac or have GPT partition tables) are not supported in this tutorial.
If you get * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_nano nano] is used as the following error "bashcommand-line text editor (refer to [http: //www.howtogeek.com/howto/42980/Diskmounter.sh: Permission denied" try executing the following without -beginners-guide-to-nano-the commas:-linux-command-line-text-editor/ beginners guide to nano] as needed).
$ chmod 755 Diskmounter.sh =Prerequisites=After [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], verify disk tools are installed by executing that command you should be able to execute the Diskmounter.sh script.:<br />
If you get Fedora<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: ./Diskmounter.sh5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: line 48#E6F2FF; margin: pmount3px 3px 1em 3px; text-align: command not foundleft" try running the following without the commas:> dnf -y install pmount fuse fuse-libs ntfs-3g util-linux-ng parted nano</div>
:'''NOTE:''' $ <code>yum </code> (deprecated) has been replaced with <code>dnf</code> as the package manager for Fedora 23 and greater.Ubuntu <div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px; text-align: left"> sudo apt-get -y install pmountgpartedThen try again executing the Diskmounter.sh script.</div>
If you get something similar like "Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn:'''t contain a valid partition table" or "mountNOTE: unknown file system type 'lvm2pv'" its because you have LVM's that Hard drives must be formatted as '''MBR''fdisk' can not recognize, (or something like that) its nothing '''GUID/GPT''' for ''hda-diskmount'' to worry about if you get that when executed the Diskmounter.sh scriptwork correctly.
So the steps in a logical order:=Preparation=<ul><li>connect your disk</li><li>download the[http://wiki.amahi.org/images/c/c6/Diskmounter.sh diskmounter[Open_Terminal_as_root|In terminal as root]] script</li><li>run , execute the following command on the scriptto capture current hard drive configuration: root@localhost # chmod 755 Diskmounter.sh</li><li>run the scriptdiv style="border: root@localhost 1px solid # A3B1BF; padding: ./Diskmounter.sh</li><li>install pmount if you get an error5em 1em; background-color: root@localhost # yum -y install pmount</li><li>try to run the script againE6F2FF; margin: root@localhost # ./Diskmounter.sh</li 3px 3px 1em 3px;"><li>check your ls -l /etcdev/fstab how the disk is mounted: root@localhost # cat /etcby-id/fstab (it will usually be the last line that's added)> before.txt cat before.txt</li></uldiv>
:EXAMPLE:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V-part1 -> ../../sda1
=If Power ''OFF'' the script doesn't work for you=HDA and install/connect any additional hard drive(s).<br />
These instructions are adapted from [http://www=Identify=Power ''ON'' the HDA and collect data about the new hard drive configuration.mjmwired Again, save this to a text file for reference.net/resources/mjm-fedora-f9.html#ntfs here]
If you're planning to mount [[Open_Terminal_as_root|In a NTFS diskterminal as root]], you'll need execute the following to make sure you have ntfscapture current hard drive configuration:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-3g, fuse and fuse libs all installedcolor: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/ > after.txt cat after. If not, login as root and run:txt</div>
:EXAMPLE: $ yum install fuse fuselrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V -> ../../sda lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V-part1 -> ../../sda1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-libs ntfsST31000528AS_6VP08W65 -3g> ../../sdb
Then use fdisk to find the disk by running fdisk :'''FYI:''' IDE/SATA hard drives will start with '''ata-''' and USB hard drives will start with '''usb-l (this is a lower case L not a 1)'''. You may have to give the path (/sbin<br/fdisk) to make it work.>
=Partition/Format=Compare the difference between before.txt and after.txt to determine the new hard drive(s) device name. $ /sbin/fdisk -lThis can be done automatically.
This should return [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], execute the needed information about all your disksfollowing:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> diff before. Look out for your newly attached disktxt after. In my case in among the results I can find:txt</div>
Disk /dev/sdb: 120.0GB 120034123776 bytesEXAMPLE:255 heads, 63 sectors/track lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-ST31000528AS_6VP08W65 -> ../.. etc etc./sdb
I know my disk is 120GB so that'At this point, partition and format the hard drive(s the right one. This tells us the name of the ) if they are new disk which is "sdb" in my case. Running $ sudo /sbin/fdisk -lu /dev/sdb For hard drive(s) that contain data to be preserved, skip to the [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Mount| grep NTFSMount]] step.
..will give you a break down of partitions. In my case, there'==Command-line (Fedora)==To partition the hard drive(s just one partition), sdb1substitute sdX with hard drive device name, so this is the partition I will mount. such as ''sdb'':
Now we can go on [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], execute the following:<blockquote><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> parted /dev/sdX</div></blockquote>Up to create 2TB, at the mount points ''(parted)'' prompt, enter:# mklabel msdos (answer ''yes'' if needs be. But because my disk contains all my musicprompted)# mkpart primary 0% 100%# quit<br />Greater than 2TB, at the ''(parted)'' prompt, I want it to be mounted as enter:# mklabel gpt (answer ''yes'' if it were my local prompted)# mkpart primary 0% 100%# quit<br />Verify the new partition was created:<div style="Musicborder: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;" folder, so for me the mount point already exists. But if just want to access your > ls -l /dev/disk easily you could just as easily mount it anywhere. Commonly mount points are put in either /mntby-id/ or </mediadiv>:EXAMPLE: lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V -> ../. It doesn't matter where - just be consistent when you are doing this. /sdaTo do this run these commands as lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root10 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V-part1 -> ../../sda1 $ cd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-ST31000528AS_6VP08W65 -> ../mnt../sdb $ mkdir my_ntfs_disk<span style="color:#FF0000">'''lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-ST31000528AS_6VP08W65-part1 -> ../../sdb1'''</span>
Substituting my_ntfs_disk for whatever you want to call itThe new partition is named sdX1 (i.e. sdb1 in <span style="color:#FF0000">'''RED'''</span>).
Now we Format the partition, execute (can mount the disk in the desired locationsubstitute ext3):<blockquote><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: . Again as root run this command5em 1em; background-color:#E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> $ mount mkfs.ext4 -j /dev/sdb1 sdX1</mntdiv></my_ntfs_drive -t ntfs-3g -r -o umask=0222blockquote>
This command will make Repeat the mounted [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Partition/Format|Partition/Format]] step for each hard drive read only. That's great if that's what you want, but for me, since I want to save my music there, I need it to be read partitioned and writeableformatted. For this you'll use:
$ mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/my_ntfs_drive -t ntfs-3g -rw -o umask=0000=GParted (Ubuntu)==From the HDA desktop (or using VNC), [[Open_Terminal_as_root|In a terminal as root]] and type '''gparted''' to launch the application.
Here's a general introduction on [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdWkdrnNGRg YouTube]. Just use ''ext3'' or in my case''ext4'' instead of ''fat32'' if you follow that tutorial.
$ mount /dev/sdb1 /home/USERNAME/Music -t ntfs-3g -rw -o umask=0000For drives > 2.0 TB, following these steps:* Choose hard disk in the dropdown menu (top right)* Select Device > Create Partition Table... > Advanced > (Choose 'gpt')* Create partition
because I want it mounted in my "Music" file.
Remember in both of these commands you'll need to substitute sdb1 with whatever the partition name:<b>NOTE:</b> [http://number is on your machinegparted. And in org GParted] supports GUID-partitioned drives, however, the second command USERNAME is your linux usernamehda-mount script do not support currently.
If you now go to your desktop, you should see Repeat the [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Partition/Format|Partition/Format]] step for each hard drive is mounted there. Click on it to see the contents are there. If you've mounted it as say So far so good? Ok, let's continuebe partitioned and formatted.
What you've achieved so far is a temporary mounting of =Mount=Mount the hard drive(s)/partition(s) for use in the HDA. That shows it can be done but you'll need to make it permanent otherwise when you reboot it'll disappear again. For this you need to edit fstab with your favourite text editor. As root run:
:'''NOTE:''' $ gedit /etc/fstabIf you prefer not to use ''hda-diskmount'', refer to [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#hda-diskmount|Troubleshooting ''hda-diskmount]].
A text editor window [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], execute the following(it will pop upcreate drive1, drive2, etc and mount the hard drive(s) automatically):<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: . Enter this on the last line5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> hda-diskmount</div>
:EXAMPLE: **************************************************************** Ignoring /dev/sda1 - already in /etc/fstab or mounted **************************************************************** Mounted /dev/<strong style="color:green">sdb1 </mntstrong> as '<strong style="color:red">/my_ntfs_drive ntfsvar/hda/files/drives/drive1</strong>' (read-3g rowrite) You may want your system to mount it every time you boot. To do so,add this line VERY CAREFULLY to /etc/fstab and reboot: <strong style="color:blue">UUID=547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979 /var/hda/files/drives/drive1 ext4 defaults1 2</strong> **************************************************************** All Linux,umask=0222 0 0Windows and Mac partitions on non-removable disks have been mounted
* change The line in <span style="color:#0000FF">'''BLUE''ro '</span> is what you need to rwcopy and add to the bottom of ''/etc/fstab' and '. This is '''umask=0222 to umask=0000REQUIRED''' if you want it for the hard drive(s) to be writablepermanently mounted.
You'll need to do this There will be multiple lines for every partition, so if multiple hard drive(s) added. Ensure you have several partitions on sdb, copy and add '''ONLY''' those which were not present in the last lines of you fstab may look something like this''before.txt'' file.
/dev/sdb1 /mnt/my_ntfs_drive_C ntfs-3g roThe new hard drive storage space can be used for [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#All Shares|All Shares]],defaults[[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Some Shares|Some Shares]],umask=0222 0 0/dev/sdb2 /mnt/my_ntfs_drive_D ntfs-3g ro,defaults,umask=0222 0 0/dev/sdb3 /mnt/my_ntfs_drive_E ntfs-3g ro,defaults,umask=0222 0 0or the [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Greyhole Storage Pool|Greyhole Storage Pool]]. Follow the guidance below based on desired usage for each hard drive.
When you reboot, you should find your data where you want it==All Shares==Host '''ALL''' shares on the new hard drive.
Move all the shares data to the new drive, replacing path in '''<span style= Guide to Adding a Hard Drive to Fedora "color: red;">RED</span>''' with the path from the ''hda-diskmount'' output line in <span style="color:#0000FF">'''BLUE'''</span>.<br />
This is [[Open Terminal as root|In a good guideTerminal, for advanced usersas root]], to adding a hard drive to Fedoraexecute the following:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> mv /var/hda/files/* <strong style="color:red">/var/hda/files/drives/drive1/</strong></div>
:'''NOTE:''' http:There may be a '''WARNING''' that can be ignored indicating ''/var/fedoranews.orghda/tchung/storagefiles/drives cannot be moved to a subdirectory of itself''.
And a good fedora 9 guide here, including a section on adding a Unmount the new hard drive here:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> umount /var/hda/files/drives/drive1/</div>Mount the new hard drive permanently as ''/var/hda/files'' by editing ''/etc/fstab'':<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> nano /etc/fstab</div>Add the line to ''/etc/fstab'' provided in the ''hda-diskmount'' output in '''<span style="color: blue;">BLUE</span>''' and change the second value (path) to ''/var/hda/files''.
http:EXAMPLE hda-diskmount output (Original): <span style="color: blue;">UUID=547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979 <strong>/var/hda/files/drives/drive1</strong> ext4 defaults 1 2</span>:EXAMPLE hda-diskmount output (Modified): UUID=547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979 <strong>/var/hda/files</strong> ext4 defaults 1 2 :EXAMPLE /etc/fstab: # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 9 01:46:39 2013 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=1ebbf241-528c-465e-889f-acc15400dd8c / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=087b15a5-c3ca-4615-b6ee-bf5f399a803e /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=75346b8e-b162-458c-b0e9-a8d48ec2bc82 swap swap defaults 0 0 UUID=ad85eeb9-18f0-4b85-9bfa-b88a5d1489b3 swap swap defaults 0 0 <span style="color:#0000FF">'''UUID=547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979 /var/hda/files ext4 defaults 1 2'''</span>Finally, execute the following:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> mount -a ls /var/hda/files/</div>The last command will display contents of the new hard drive. All shares are now located on the new hard drive. ==Some Shares==Host '''SOME''' shares on the new hard drive. Move some shares data to the new drive by executing the following command (replace path in '''<span style="color: red;">RED</span>''' with the path from the ''hda-diskmount'' output line in <span style="color:#0000FF">'''BLUE'''</span>; sharename will be the share to move to the new drive).<br /> [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], execute the following:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> mv /var/hda/files/<strong>sharename</strong> <strong style="color:red">/var/hda/files/drives/drive1/</strong></div>Repeat the process with every share to be moved to the new drive. Unmount the new hard drive: <div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> umount /var/hda/files/drives/drive1</div> Mount the new hard drive permanently by editing ''/etc/fstab'': <div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> nano /etc/fstab</div>Add the line to ''/etc/fstab'' provided in the ''hda-diskmount'' output in '''<span style="color: blue;">BLUE</span>'''.:EXAMPLE /etc/fstab: # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 9 01:46:39 2013 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=1ebbf241-528c-465e-889f-acc15400dd8c / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=087b15a5-c3ca-4615-b6ee-bf5f399a803e /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=75346b8e-b162-458c-b0e9-a8d48ec2bc82 swap swap defaults 0 0 UUID=ad85eeb9-18f0-4b85-9bfa-b88a5d1489b3 swap swap defaults 0 0 <span style="color:#0000FF">'''UUID=547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979 /var/hda/files/drives/drive1 ext4 defaults 1 2'''</span>Verify the hard drive(s)/partition(s) configuration is correct in ''/etc/fstab''. Next, execute the following:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> mount -a ls /var/hda/files/drives/drive1</div>The last command will display contents of the new hard drive. All shares are now located on the new hard drive. '''<u>HDA Dashboard Update</u><br />'''The location of each share that was moved to the new hard drive will need updated. Select ''Setup'' followed by the ''Shares'' section. Expand each share that was moved individually and change the location (path) accordingly. For example, the original movies location was <span style="color:red">/var/hda/files/movies</span> but the new location might be <span style="color:blue">/var/hda/files/drives/drive1/movies</span>. Repeat for any other shares that you have moved to the new hard drive. Verify these shares are accessible from another machine within your network. '''NOTE:''' If any services depend on the location of a moved share, ensure they are configured to use the new share location. For example, if [https://www.mjmwiredamahi.org/apps/dlna DLNA] is installed, check the configuration file to verify it can find the new share location. Secondly, validate that that all such services start correctly and behave as expected. If the service doesn't start, it may be that it's looking for a specific share location during the service start up. ==Greyhole Storage Pool==Use new hard drive for [[Storage_pooling|Greyhole Storage Pool]]. [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], mount the new hard drive permanently by editing ''/etc/fstab'':<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> nano /etc/fstab</div>Add the line to ''/etc/fstab'' provided in the ''hda-diskmount'' output in '''<span style="color: blue;">BLUE</span>'''.:EXAMPLE /etc/fstab: # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 9 01:46:39 2013 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=1ebbf241-528c-465e-889f-acc15400dd8c / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=087b15a5-c3ca-4615-b6ee-bf5f399a803e /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=75346b8e-b162-458c-b0e9-a8d48ec2bc82 swap swap defaults 0 0 UUID=ad85eeb9-18f0-4b85-9bfa-b88a5d1489b3 swap swap defaults 0 0 <span style="color:#0000FF">'''UUID=547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979 /var/hda/files/drives/drive1 ext4 defaults 1 2'''</span>Verify the hard drive(s)/partition(s) configuration is correct in ''/etc/fstab''. Refer to [[Greyhole#Amahi 6|Greyhole (Amahi 6)]] for Ubuntu or [[Greyhole#Amahi 7|Greyhole (Amahi 7)]] for Fedora to configure the [[Storage_pooling|Greyhole Storage Pool]]. =Verify/Test=Verify the hard drive/partition is mounted. [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], execute the following:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> df -h</div> :EXAMPLE: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda5 16G 4.3G 11G 30% / devtmpfs 493M 0 493M 0% /dev tmpfs 498M 84K 498M 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 498M 364K 498M 1% /run tmpfs 498M 0 498M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 498M 1.1M 497M 1% /tmp /dev/sda1 190M 75M 102M 43% /boot /dev/sdb1 917G 398G 473G 46% /var/hda/files/drives/drive1 The hard drive(s) and the mount point (path) should be listed for each hard drive added. If not, then further investigation will be needed to determine the problem.<br /> =Tips===Mount Order==The following guide will outline how to manually order hard drives and mount them automatically on boot. [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], executing the following command to obtain the UUID for each hard drive:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> blkid</div>:EXAMPLE: /dev/sda1: LABEL="Seagate-Alpha2TB" UUID="55d9333f-d801-425a-b2af-d65c5966d56f" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sdb1: LABEL="Seagate-Beta2TB" UUID="5bd5498f-30c1-4780-948e-ca46656507d2" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sdc1: LABEL="WD-Charlie2TB" UUID="a7337504-376a-4d36-9f7a-1a24c0f55fbd" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sdd1: LABEL="WD-Delta2TB" UUID="8d881dcb-8de3-4621-b9bd-00025196868a" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sde1: LABEL="root" UUID="4d6f8004-d190-4234-a03b-b68de988abf0" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sde3: LABEL="home" UUID="d0531fa1-9311-4d53-b838-f35898adbd98" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sde5: LABEL="swap" UUID="3c39206c-ba60-47ff-a1fe-f5821b2ab543" TYPE="swap" In this case, there are four data drives (sda1, sdb1, sdc1, sdd1) and the Operating system assigned to a fifth drive, sde. Take note of the UUID's for each drive. Easiest to cut and paste UUID's straight from the terminal. Edit ''/etc/fstab'' to mount each drive:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> nano /etc/fstab</div>Then '''very carefully''' add the following line for each disk into the end of the fstab file. Ensure correct UUID, hard drive number and hard drive file system (ext4 in this case) are added.net :EXAMPLE: UUID=55d9333f-d801-425a-b2af-d65c5966d56f /var/hda/resourcesfiles/mjmdrives/drive1 ext4 defaults 1 2 It should look something like the following when lines are added for each of the five drives in this example. :EXAMPLE: # Mounting Greyhole Drives for Drive Pool. # # Drive1 = Seagate-Alpha2TB in Microserver Bay 1 from left UUID=55d9333f-d801-425a-b2af-fedorad65c5966d56f /var/hda/files/drives/drive1 ext4 defaults 1 2 # # Drive2 = Seagate-f9Beta2TB in Microserver Bay 2 from left UUID=5bd5498f-30c1-4780-948e-ca46656507d2 /var/hda/files/drives/drive2 ext4 defaults 1 2 # # Drive3 = WD-Charlie2TB in Microserver Bay 3 from left UUID=a7337504-376a-4d36-9f7a-1a24c0f55fbd /var/hda/files/drives/drive3 ext4 defaults 1 2 # # Drive4 = WD-Delta2TB in Microserver Bay 4 from left UUID=8d881dcb-8de3-4621-b9bd-00025196868a /var/hda/files/drives/drive4 ext4 defaults 1 2 # # Drive5 = 250GB OS Drive mounted in Optical Drive bay UUID="4d6f8004-d190-4234-a03b-b68de988abf0 /var/hda/files/drives/drive5 ext4 defaults 1 2 # # :'''NOTE:''' Lines beginning with # are comments where the remainder of the line is ignored Verify there are no issues by executing the following:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> mount -a</div>If there are errors,most likely a line was not added properly. If this is not corrected, the machine may not boot and hang trying to mount the hard drives! Once there are no errors, reboot machine:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> reboot</div>Verify the hard drives have successfully mounted in the '''HDA Dashboard'''. If all drives mounted successfully, it should look something like this (Ubuntu): :EXAMPLE:[[File:Gstreet_greyhole_pool.png|options|caption]] ==Bad Blocks==Optionally, you can test your new drive for bad blocks.<br/> :'''NOTE:''' This can take a ''long'' time to complete! Recommend starting it in the evening so it will be completed the next day. [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], execute following command (replace '''sdb1''' with the (<strong style="color:blue">BLUE</strong>) value you received from ''hda-diskmount''):<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> e2fsck -cn /dev/'''sdb1'''</div>You'll receive a message stating '''WARNING!!!''' ''Running e2fsck on a mounted filesystem may cause SEVERE filesystem damage. Do you really want to continue (y/n)?''<br/> Answer ''yes''. The <code>-cn</code> option we're using can safely be used on mounted file systems.==Spin Down Hard Drives== Low power is a good thing to have in servers. If you do not use your server very often, you may want to force the hard drives to spin down faster than the default. Here is how. First ensure ''hdparm'' package is installed: sudo dnf install hdparm To force to spin down after 10 minutes of being idle, add these lines to <code>/etc/rc.local</code>:<pre># power drives down after 10 minutes idle/sbin/hdparm -S120 /dev/sda/sbin/hdparm -S120 /dev/sdb...</pre> Most drives will power down on their own without doing this. Once stopped, the drive may take as long as 30 seconds to respond to a subsequent disk access, though most drives are much quicker. The encoding of the -S timeout value is somewhat peculiar. A value of zero means "timeouts are disabled": the device will not automatically enter standby mode. Values from 1 to 240 specify multiples of 5 seconds, yielding timeouts from 5 seconds to 20 minutes. Values from 241 to 251 specify from 1 to 11 units of 30 minutes, yielding timeouts from 30 minutes to 5.5 hours. A value of 252 signifies a timeout of 21 minutes. A value of 253 sets a vendor-defined timeout period between 8 and 12 hours, and the value 254 is reserved. 255 is interpreted as 21 minutes plus 15 seconds. Note that some older drives may have very different interpretations of these values. It may make the system run cooler and power efficient (especially on a Home Server you are rarely using all of the pool drives at the same time). =Troubleshooting===hda-diskmount==If ''hda-diskmount'' does not mount the hard drive or you prefer to do it manually, complete the following steps: Create the mount point (choose one '''NOT''' in use) [[Open Terminal as root|in a Terminal, as root]] by executing the following:<blockquote><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> mkdir -p /var/hda/files/drives/drive1</div></blockquote>Identify the hard drive to mount and copy the UUID from the output that corresponds to the hard drive (i.e. sdb)<blockquote><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/</div></blockquote> :EXAMPLE: lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 29 18:10 1b8597e0-5d95-4474-b093-53099c8c81c9 -> ../../sda1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 29 18:10 1c161033-c695-4291-aba1-257d3987edf7 -> ../../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 29 18:10 b7017251-cb54-438b-92a3-781537c565e6 -> ../../sdb lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 29 18:10 c1fe62b3-41dc-4a67-8a6b-09f90b7893ba -> ../../dm-1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 29 18:10 e0f5a9bd-f52b-431e-89af-61da70659bdd -> ../../dm-2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 29 18:10 <span style="color:#FF0000">'''547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979'''</span> -> ../../sdb1 :The UUID for sdX1 (i.e. sdb1 is <span style="color:#FF0000">'''RED'''</span>).Add the following to the end of ''/etc/fstab'', replacing the UUID as captured in the previous step<blockquote><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> nano /etc/fstab</div></blockquote>:EXAMPLE: # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 9 01:46:39 2013 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=1ebbf241-528c-465e-889f-acc15400dd8c / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=087b15a5-c3ca-4615-b6ee-bf5f399a803e /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=75346b8e-b162-458c-b0e9-a8d48ec2bc82 swap swap defaults 0 0 UUID=ad85eeb9-18f0-4b85-9bfa-b88a5d1489b3 swap swap defaults 0 0 <span style="color:#0000FF">'''UUID=547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979 /var/hda/files/drives/drive1 ext4 defaults 1 2'''</span> :The new entry will be mounted as ''/var/hda/files/drives/drive1'' (i.e. sdb1 in '''<span style="color:#0000FF">BLUE</span>''') Mount the hard drive<blockquote><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> mount -a</div></blockquote>:If all goes well, there should not be any output. If there are errors, stop and diagnose the problem. Accomplish [[Adding_Hard_Drives_101#Verify/Test|Verify/Test]] step to ensure the hard drive is properly mounted.<br /> Repeat this process for each hard drive to be mounted. ==Partitions > 2.1TB==If by following this tutorial you are unable to mount hard drives with partitions > 2.1TB, refer to the [[Partitions_Over_2.1_TB|Partitions over 2.1TB]] guidance. =Help=If you need assistance, please post in the [https://forums.amahi.org Amahi Forums] or receive '''LIVE''' support on the [http://talk.amahi.org Amahi IRC channel].html
