<center>{{MessageBox|backgroundcolor = red#faa|
image =Warning.png|
heading =WARNING|
message = This is recommended only for advanced ''Advanced'' users, proceed with caution.}}</center>[[Adding_drives_to_your_HDA|Adding drives to your HDA]] is another howto on doing this, a bit shorter and less elaborate, which can be good for some people, specially a novice unfamiliar with doing any of this<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .8em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 0px 1em;">
More hard drives can be added in your '''NOTE:''' The Amahi HDA for additional storage space[https://www.amahi.org/apps/disk-wizard Disk Wizard] application (Amahi 8 or greater '''ONLY''') provides this capability from the Dashboard UI.
We'll detail how </div><br />The purpose of this tutorial is to add such make partitioning, formatting, and mounting hard drives, and how to put them in the Amahi server simple for those new to good useLinux.
=Important Notes=In order to keep this process simple, it's important '''NOT''' to connect additional hard drive(s) until the end of the [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Preparation|Preparation]] step.
=Disclaimer=* This is an how-to on how to add additional drives to your HDA[https://www.amahi.* org Amahi ] cannot be held responsible for any data breakage or destruction arising from the use or misuse of this script. We provide it as a service in good will. You accept this automatically if you use the script.* This page and script does not support GUID-partitioned drives (such as drives previously in a Mac or have GPT partition tables). You can find what your partition is like with <code>fdisk -l</code>
=Make sure your drive is detected by Fedora=* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table GUID-partitioned] hard drives (such as those previously used in a Mac or have GPT partition tables) are not supported in this tutorial.
Open a Terminal, and type * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_nano nano] is used as the following command-line text editor (refer to [http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/42980/the-beginners-guide-to-nano-the-linux-command-line-text-editor/ beginners guide to nano] as needed).
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 0 1em;">Prerequisites= ls -1 /dev/[[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], verify disk/tools are installed by-id/ | egrep -v "part|scsi"executing:<br /div>
Look for the line that matches the hard drive you added. IDE and SATA hard drives will start with '''ata-''' and USB hard drives will start with '''usb-'''.<br/>Look for your hard drive model and serial number. Example:Fedora<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;
text-align: left">
[gb@hda ~]$ ls dnf -
1 /dev/disk/byy install pmount fuse fuse-
id/ | egrep libs ntfs-
v "part|scsi" ata3g util-
Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V atalinux-
ST31000528AS_6VP08W65 ata-ST3750640A_3QD0LJN8 ata-ST3750640A_5QD27A57 ata-WDC_WD10EADS-00L5B1_WD-WCAU4C700358 usb-ST310003_33AS_9E1CA6FFFFFF-0:0 usb-ST375064_0A_2009031309E2-0:0ng parted nano</div>
=Install prerequisites= [[Open Terminal :'''NOTE:''' <code>yum</code> (deprecated) has been replaced with <code>dnf</code> as root|In a Terminal, as root]], type the following (two) commands:package manager for Fedora 23 and greater.Ubuntu
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px; text-align: left">
yum sudo apt-get -y install pmount fuse fuse-libs ntfs-3g gparted util-linux-ng
</div>
=Partition and format the hard drive=:'''NOTE:''' Hard drives must be formatted as '''MBR''' not '''GUID/GPT''' for ''hda-diskmount'' to work correctly.
This step is optional=Preparation=[[Open_Terminal_as_root|In terminal as root]], and should only be executed if you want execute the following to delete the content of your new capture current hard drive, or if the hard drive has not yet been formattedconfiguration:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/ > before.txt cat before.txt</div>
You should (unless you have a good reason not to) use GParted to partition and format your hard drive:EXAMPLE: lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V -> ../..<br/>sdaNot having X installed would qualify as a good reason! In such cases, either use SSH X11 Forwarding (Google that if you'd like to use this), or [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Using_cfdisk|use cfdisk]] from a [[Open Terminal as lrwxrwxrwx 1 root|Terminal, as root]]10 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V-part1 -> ../../sda1
YouPower 'll probably want to create a single partition, and format it as 'OFF'ext3''.<brthe HDA and install/>Note that Windows can't read ext3 partitions, so if you want dual-boot Windows on your Amahi PC, or if you intend to connect this any additional hard drive to a Windows computer later, you should format as NTFS instead, and you should do that on Windows before you connect the drive in your HDA(s).<br/>Remember that using NTFS partitions on Linux will be slower that using ext3 partitions, so you should only use NTFS if you really need it.<br/>How much slower: compare the blue bars (NTFS-3G) with the red bars (ext3) on [http://www.tuxera.com/products/tuxera-ntfs-commercial/performance/ this graph].
To know what device (/dev/sdX) you need to partition =Identify=Power ''ON'' the HDA and format, use collect data about the following commandnew hard drive configuration. Again, in save this to a [[Open Terminal as root|Terminal, as root]]:text file for reference.
[[Open_Terminal_as_root|In a terminal as root]], execute the following to capture current hard drive configuration:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em
; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin:
3px 3px 1em 3px;"> ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/
> after.txt cat after.txt
</div>
Find the row corresponding to your hard drive, and look at the end of the line to identify the correct device to use. Example:<div style="borderEXAMPLE: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"><small> [gb@hda ~]$ ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/ total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V-part1 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-ST31000528AS_6VP08W65 -> ../../sdb
</small>
</div>
In the above example, :'''FYI:''' IDE/dev/sdb would be what I would select in GParted (or use on the cfdisk command). sda in my primary SATA hard drive, drives will start with '''ata-''' and sdb my second USB hard drivedrives will start with '''usb-'''.<br/>
==Using GParted=Partition/Format=From Compare the HDA desktop (or using VNC), [[Open Terminal as root]] difference between before.txt and type '''gparted''' after.txt to launch determine the GParted applicationnew hard drive(s) device name. This can be done automatically.
Select [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], execute the device (following:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> diff before.txt after.txt</dev/sdX) that you found above.div>
In the above example, :EXAMPLE: lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-ST31000528AS_6VP08W65 -> ../dev../sdb would be what I would select in GParted.
There At this point, partition and format the hard drive(s) if they are many easy new. For hard drive(s) that contain data to follow guides online on how to use GParted. You should Google for onebe preserved, skip to find one that seems clear to youthe [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Mount|Mount]] step.
[http://www.mepisguides.com/Mepis-6/Install/gparted/gparted-set==Command-line (Fedora)==To partition.html Herethe hard drive(s), substitute sdX with hard drive device name, such as 's one] that looks simple. Just use ext3 instead of fat32 in you follow that tutorial.'sdb'':
Note that gparted supports GUID[[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], execute the following:<blockquote><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-partitioned drivescolor: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> parted /dev/sdX</div></blockquote>Up to 2TB, at the ''(parted)'' prompt, howeverenter:# mklabel msdos (answer ''yes'' if prompted)# mkpart primary 0% 100%# quit<br />Greater than 2TB, these directions and script do not support it at the moment''(parted)'' prompt, enter:# mklabel gpt (answer ''yes'' if prompted)# mkpart primary 0% 100%# quit<br />Verify the new partition was created:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/</div>:EXAMPLE: lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V -> ../../sda lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-Hitachi_HDS722020ALA330_JK1131YAGDU37V-part1 -> ../../sda1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-ST31000528AS_6VP08W65 -> ../../sdb <span style="color:#FF0000">'''lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2010-02-18 03:24 ata-ST31000528AS_6VP08W65-part1 -> ../../sdb1'''</span>
The new partition is named sdX1 (i.e. sdb1 in <span style==Using cfdisk==From a [[Open Terminal as root|terminal, as root]], type "color:#FF0000">'''cfdisk /dev/sdXRED''' to launch the cfdisk application</span>).
If you have a GUID-partitioned driveFormat the partition, cfdisk will complainexecute (can substitute ext3):<blockquote><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: . GUID partitions are not supported5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> mkfs.ext4 -j /dev/sdX1</div></blockquote>
Make sure to replace /dev/sdX with Repeat the actual device (eg. [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Partition/devFormat|Partition/sdb) that you found aboveFormat]] step for each hard drive to be partitioned and formatted.
If your hard drive contains existing partitions, select them one by one at ==GParted (Ubuntu)==From the top HDA desktop (or using up/down arrow keysVNC), then select the [[Open_Terminal_as_root|In a terminal as root]] and type '''[ Delete ]gparted''' action (using to launch the left/right arrow keys), then hit ENTERapplication.
You should now only have Free Space listed at the topHere's a general introduction on [http://www.youtube.<brcom/>Select the watch?v=vdWkdrnNGRg YouTube]. Just use ''ext3'' or ''ext4'' instead of '[ New ]'fat32'' action, and accept the default (Primary, and size)if you follow that tutorial.
You should now have a single partition listed at For drives > 2.0 TB, following these steps:* Choose hard disk in the dropdown menu (top, of type Linux.<br/>right)* Select the '''[ Write ]''' action, then '''[ Quit ]'''Device > Create Partition Table.. Now that you partitioned your drive, you need to format your newly created partition.<br/>To format as EXT3, use this command: <div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"Advanced >(Choose 'gpt') mkfs.ext3 -j /dev/sdX1</div>* Create partition
Replace ext3 with ext4 in the above command to format your partition as EXT4 instead of EXT3.
'''/dev/sdX1''' in the above command refers to the partition your created in cfdisk.:<br/b>Go back in cfdisk, and check the ''Name'' column if you're unsure.NOTE:<br/b>If you see ''sdb1'' in the name column, you should use ''' [http:/dev/sdb1''' in gparted.org GParted] supports GUID-partitioned drives, however, the above commandhda-mount script do not support currently.
=Mount Repeat the [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Partition/Format|Partition/Format]] step for each hard drive=to be partitioned and formatted.
A script is provided with Amahi that will look =Mount=Mount the hard drive(s)/partition(s) for unmounted partitions use in your system, and mount any it findsthe HDA.
:'''NOTE:''' If you prefer not to use ''hda-diskmount'', refer to [[Open Terminal as rootAdding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#hda-diskmount|In a Terminal, as rootTroubleshooting ''hda-diskmount]], type the following command:.
[[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], execute the following(it will create drive1, drive2, etc and mount the hard drive(s) automatically):<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em
; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin:
3px 3px 1em 3px;">
hda-diskmount
</div>
Example:<div style="borderEXAMPLE: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px; text-align: left;"><small> [root@hda ~]$ hda-diskmount
****************************************************************
Ignoring /dev/sda1 - already in /etc/fstab or mounted
****************************************************************
Mounted /dev/<strong style="color:green">sdb1</strong> as '<strong style="color:red">/var/hda/files/drives/sdb1drive1</strong>' (read-write)
You may want your system to mount it every time you boot.
To do so, add this line VERY CAREFULLY to /etc/fstab and reboot:
<strong style="color:blue">UUID=9d972abc547b073d-1639e591-44df4913-a60eb4fb-668618d40236 7c5084353979 /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1 drive1 ext4 defaults 1 2</strong>
****************************************************************
All Linux, Windows and Mac partitions on non-removable disks have been mounted
</small>
</div>
Do The line in <span style="color:#0000FF">'''notBLUE''' edit </etc/fstab just yet. What span> is what you'll need to copy and add there will depend on how you want to use the extra storagebottom of ''/etc/fstab''. More about that below.<br/>Just note down This is '''REQUIRED''' for the information in bold hard drive(green, red and blues). We'll use them belowto be permanently mounted.
Note about ext4 There will be multiple lines for multiple hard drive(s) added. Ensure you copy and add '''ONLY''' those which were not present in the blue line above: that doesn't necessarily mean your partition is formatted as ext4'before. It means the ext4 driver will be used to mount your partition. Since that driver is backward compatible, it can be safely used to mount ext2, ext3 and ext4 partitionstxt'' file.
If you get something like ''Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table'' or ''mount: unknown file system type 'lvm2pv''' its because you have LVM's that 'fdisk' The new hard drive storage space can not recognize (be used for [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#All Shares|All Shares]], [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Some Shares|Some Shares]], or something similar)the [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Greyhole Storage Pool|Greyhole Storage Pool]]. It's nothing to worry about if you get that when executing Follow the hda-diskmount scriptguidance below based on desired usage for each hard drive.
==Test your hard driveAll Shares==Optionally, you can test your new drive for bad blocks.<br/>Note that this step can take a Host '''longALL'' time to complete! You'll probably want to start it in shares on the evening, to have it completed in the morningnew hard drive.
To do soMove all the shares data to the new drive, [[Open Terminal as root|replacing path in a Terminal, as root]], type the following command. Replace '''<strong span style="color:greenred;">sdb1RED</strongspan> ''' with the (green) value you received path from the ''hda-diskmount'' output line in <span style="color:#0000FF">'''BLUE'''</span>.<br />
[[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], execute the following:
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
e2fsck -cn mv /devvar/hda/files/* <strong style="color:greenred">sdb1/var/hda/files/drives/drive1/</strong>
</div>
You:'''NOTE:'''ll receive a warning that says "WARNING!!! Running e2fsck on There may be a mounted filesystem may cause SEVERE filesystem damage. Do you really want to continue (y/n)?"<br/>Answer ''yes'WARNING''. The -cn option we're using that can safely be used on mounted filesystemsignored indicating ''/var/hda/files/drives cannot be moved to a subdirectory of itself''.
Unmount the new hard drive:<div style=Use "border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> umount /var/hda/files/drives/drive1/</div>Mount the new hard drivepermanently as ''/var/hda/files'' by editing ''/etc/fstab'':<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> nano /etc/fstab</div>Add the line to ''/etc/fstab'' provided in the ''hda-diskmount'' output in '''<span style="color: blue;">BLUE</span>''' and change the second value (path) to ''/var/hda/files''.
You have a choice here on how to use your new hard drive storage space. We'll offer some examples.:EXAMPLE hda-diskmount output (Original): <span style="color: blue;">UUID=547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979 <strong>/var/hda/files/drives/drive1</strong> ext4 defaults 1 2</span>:EXAMPLE hda-diskmount output (Modified): UUID=547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979 <strong>/var/hda/files</strong> ext4 defaults 1 2
:EXAMPLE /etc/fstab: # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 9 01:46:39 2013 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=1ebbf241-528c-465e-889f-acc15400dd8c / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=087b15a5-c3ca-4615-b6ee-bf5f399a803e /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=75346b8e-b162-458c-b0e9-a8d48ec2bc82 swap swap defaults 0 0 UUID=Use ad85eeb9-18f0-4b85-9bfa-b88a5d1489b3 swap swap defaults 0 0 <span style="color:#0000FF">'''UUID=547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979 /var/hda/files ext4 defaults 1 2'''</span>Finally, execute the following:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> mount -a ls /var/hda/files/</div>The last command will display contents of the new hard drive for all . All shares==are now located on the new hard drive.
If you want all your ==Some Shares==Host '''SOME''' shares to be on your the new hard drive, here's how to do that.
First, you'll want to move all you previous Move some shares data, if any, into your to the new drive.by executing the following command (replace path in '''<span style="color: red;">RED<br/span>You only need to do this next command if you have data that you care about in ''' with the path from the /var/''hda-diskmount'' output line in <span style="color:#0000FF">'''BLUE'''</files/* foldersspan>; sharename will be the share to move to the new drive).<br/> [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], type execute the following command. Replace the path in red with the path you received when you ran hda-diskmount.:
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
mv /var/hda/files/* <strong>sharename</strong> <strong style="color:red">/var/hda/files/drives/sdb1drive1/</strong>
</div>
You'll get a warning about "cannot move `/var/hda/files/drives' Repeat the process with every share to a subdirectory of itself"; that is fine, ignore that. Next, you'll need be moved to unmount your the new hard drive, and remount it as /var/hda/files.
Unmount the new hard drive:
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
umount /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1/drive1
</div>
Mount the new hard drive permanently by editing ''/etc/fstab'': <div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em
; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin:
3px 3px 1em 3px;">
nano /etc/fstab
</div>
Add the line to ''/etc/fstab'' provided in the ''hda-diskmount'' output in '''<span style="color: blue;">BLUE</span>'''.
:EXAMPLE /etc/fstab:
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 9 01:46:39 2013
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=1ebbf241-528c-465e-889f-acc15400dd8c / ext4 defaults 1 1
UUID=087b15a5-c3ca-4615-b6ee-bf5f399a803e /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=75346b8e-b162-458c-b0e9-a8d48ec2bc82 swap swap defaults 0 0
UUID=ad85eeb9-18f0-4b85-9bfa-b88a5d1489b3 swap swap defaults 0 0
<span style="color:#0000FF">'''UUID=547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979 /var/hda/files/drives/drive1 ext4 defaults 1 2'''</span>
Verify the hard drive(s)/partition(s) configuration is correct in ''/etc/fstab''.
In nanoNext, you'll need to add a new line at execute the bottom. Take the line that hda-diskmount gave you (the blue one), and change the second value (the path).<br/>Replace the second value with '''/var/hda/files'''. hda-diskmount gave mefollowing:
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
<span style="color:blue">UUID=9d972abcmount -1639-44df-a60e-668618d40236 <strong>a ls /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1</strong> ext4 defaults 1 2</span>drive1
</div>
The last command will display contents of the new hard drive. All shares are now located on the new hard drive.
'''<u>HDA Dashboard Update</u><br />'''
The location of each share that was moved to the new hard drive will need updated. Select ''Setup'' followed by the ''Shares'' section. Expand each share that was moved individually and change the location (path) accordingly.
For example, the original movies location was <span style="color:red">/var/hda/files/movies</span> but the new location might be <span style="color:blue">/var/hda/files/drives/drive1/movies</span>.
Repeat for any other shares that you have moved to the new hard drive. Verify these shares are accessible from another machine within your network.
So I should add this instead'''NOTE:''' If any services depend on the location of a moved share, ensure they are configured to use the new share location. For example, if [https://www.amahi.org/apps/dlna DLNA] is installed, check the configuration file to verify it can find the new share location. Secondly, validate that that all such services start correctly and behave as expected. If the service doesn't start, it may be that it's looking for a specific share location during the service start up. ==Greyhole Storage Pool==Use new hard drive for [[Storage_pooling|Greyhole Storage Pool]]. [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], mount the new hard drive permanently by editing ''/etc/fstab'':<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em
; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin:
3px 3px 1em 3px;">
UUID=9d972abc-1639-44df-a60e-668618d40236 <strong>nano /
varetc/
hda/files</strong> ext4 defaults 1 2fstab</div>
Add the line to ''/etc/fstab'' provided in the ''hda-diskmount'' output in '''<span style="color: blue;">BLUE</span>'''.
:EXAMPLE /etc/fstab:
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 9 01:46:39 2013
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=1ebbf241-528c-465e-889f-acc15400dd8c / ext4 defaults 1 1
UUID=087b15a5-c3ca-4615-b6ee-bf5f399a803e /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=75346b8e-b162-458c-b0e9-a8d48ec2bc82 swap swap defaults 0 0
UUID=ad85eeb9-18f0-4b85-9bfa-b88a5d1489b3 swap swap defaults 0 0
<span style="color:#0000FF">'''UUID=547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979 /var/hda/files/drives/drive1 ext4 defaults 1 2'''</span>
Verify the hard drive(s)/partition(s) configuration is correct in ''/etc/fstab''.
Make sure you do '''not''' change anything else from the blue line you received from hda-diskmount.<br/>It might not be the same thing as the above example; you need Refer to [[Greyhole#Amahi 6|Greyhole (Amahi 6)]] for Ubuntu or [[Greyhole#Amahi 7|Greyhole (Amahi 7)]] for Fedora to use configure the values you've received[[Storage_pooling|Greyhole Storage Pool]].
Save and exit nano (CTRL-X, Y, ENTER), and try your new mount:=Verify/Test=Verify the hard drive/partition is mounted.
[[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], execute the following:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em
; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin:
3px 3px 1em 3px;">
mount df -
a ls /var/hda/files/h
</div>
That last command should show you the content of you new hard drive:EXAMPLE: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda5 16G 4.3G 11G 30% / devtmpfs 493M 0 493M 0% /dev tmpfs 498M 84K 498M 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 498M 364K 498M 1% /run tmpfs 498M 0 498M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 498M 1.1M 497M 1% /tmp /dev/sda1 190M 75M 102M 43% /boot /dev/sdb1 917G 398G 473G 46% /var/hda/files/drives/drive1
That'The hard drive(s it. All your shares in /var/hda/files are now on your new ) and the mount point (path) should be listed for each hard driveadded. If not, then further investigation will be needed to determine the problem.<br />
=Tips=Use the hard drive for only some shares==Mount Order==The following guide will outline how to manually order hard drives and mount them automatically on boot.
If you want only some of your shares to be on your new hard drive, here's how to do that. First, you'll want to move your previous shares data, if any, into your new drive.<br/>You only need to do this next command if you have data that you care about in the /var/hda/files/* folders (that you want on the new drive).<br/>[[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], type executing the following command. Replace to obtain the path in red with the path you received when you ran hda-diskmount. Replace '''something''' with the name of the share you want to have on your new UUID for each hard drive (the share should already exist).:
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
mv /var/hda/files/<strong>something</strong> <strong style="color:red">/var/hda/files/drives/sdb1/</strong>blkid
</div>
:EXAMPLE:
/dev/sda1: LABEL="Seagate-Alpha2TB" UUID="55d9333f-d801-425a-b2af-d65c5966d56f" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="Seagate-Beta2TB" UUID="5bd5498f-30c1-4780-948e-ca46656507d2" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdc1: LABEL="WD-Charlie2TB" UUID="a7337504-376a-4d36-9f7a-1a24c0f55fbd" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdd1: LABEL="WD-Delta2TB" UUID="8d881dcb-8de3-4621-b9bd-00025196868a" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sde1: LABEL="root" UUID="4d6f8004-d190-4234-a03b-b68de988abf0" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sde3: LABEL="home" UUID="d0531fa1-9311-4d53-b838-f35898adbd98" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sde5: LABEL="swap" UUID="3c39206c-ba60-47ff-a1fe-f5821b2ab543" TYPE="swap"
Repeat with every share you want on your new In this case, there are four data drives (sda1, sdb1, sdc1, sdd1) and the Operating system assigned to a fifth drive, sde.
Next, youTake note of the UUID'll need s for each drive. Easiest to make cut and paste UUID's straight from the mount permanentterminal.
Edit ''/etc/fstab'' to mount each drive:
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
umount /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1<br/>
nano /etc/fstab
</div>
Then '''very carefully''' add the following line for each disk into the end of the fstab file. Ensure correct UUID, hard drive number and hard drive file system (ext4 in this case) are added.
In nano, you'll need to add a new line at the bottom. Take the line that :EXAMPLE: UUID=55d9333f-d801-425a-b2af-d65c5966d56f /var/hda-diskmount gave you, and insert that.<br/>files/drives/drive1 ext4 defaults 1 2
So, It should look something like the following previous examples, I should add when lines are added for each of the five drives in this:example.
<div style="border: 1px solid EXAMPLE: #A3B1BF; padding: Mounting Greyhole Drives for Drive Pool.5em 1em; color: # #000; backgroundDrive1 = Seagate-Alpha2TB in Microserver Bay 1 from left UUID=55d9333f-color: d801-425a-b2af-d65c5966d56f /var/hda/files/drives/drive1 ext4 defaults 1 2 # #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px; textDrive2 = Seagate-align: Beta2TB in Microserver Bay 2 from left;"> <span styleUUID=5bd5498f-30c1-4780-948e-ca46656507d2 /var/hda/files/drives/drive2 ext4 defaults 1 2 # # Drive3 ="color: blue;">WD-Charlie2TB in Microserver Bay 3 from left UUID=9d972abca7337504-1639376a-44df4d36-a60e9f7a-668618d40236 1a24c0f55fbd /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1 drive3 ext4 defaults 1 2< # # Drive4 = WD-Delta2TB in Microserver Bay 4 from left UUID=8d881dcb-8de3-4621-b9bd-00025196868a /var/span>hda/files/drives/drive4 ext4 defaults 1 2 # # Drive5 = 250GB OS Drive mounted in Optical Drive bay< UUID="4d6f8004-d190-4234-a03b-b68de988abf0 /div>var/hda/files/drives/drive5 ext4 defaults 1 2 # #
Save and exit nano (CTRL-X, Y, ENTER), and try your new mount:'''NOTE:''' Lines beginning with # are comments where the remainder of the line is ignored
Verify there are no issues by executing the following:
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
mount -a
ls /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1
</div>
If there are errors,most likely a line was not added properly. If this is not corrected, the machine may not boot and hang trying to mount the hard drives!
That last command should show you Once there are no errors, reboot machine:<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> reboot</div>Verify the content of you new hard drivedrives have successfully mounted in the '''HDA Dashboard'''.
That's If all drives mounted successfully, it. Your shareshould look something like this (sUbuntu) are now on your new hard drive.:
==Use the hard drive in your Greyhole storage pool==:EXAMPLE:[[File:Gstreet_greyhole_pool.png|options|caption]]
If ==Bad Blocks==Optionally, you want to add can test your new hard drive to your Greyhole storage pool, here's how to do thatfor bad blocks.<br/>
First, you:'''NOTE:''' This can take a ''long''ll need time to make complete! Recommend starting it in the evening so it will be completed the mount permanentnext day. [[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], type the following command:
[[Open Terminal as root|In a Terminal, as root]], execute following command (replace '''sdb1''' with the (<strong style="color:blue">BLUE</strong>) value you received from ''hda-diskmount''):
<div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; color: #000; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
umount e2fsck -cn /var/hda/files/drivesdev/'''sdb1 nano /etc/fstab'''
</div>
You'll receive a message stating '''WARNING!!!''' ''Running e2fsck on a mounted filesystem may cause SEVERE filesystem damage. Do you really want to continue (y/n)?''<br/>
In nano, youAnswer ''yes''ll need to add a new line at the bottom. Take the line that hdaThe <code>-diskmount gave you, and insert that.cn<br/code>option we're using can safely be used on mounted file systems.==Spin Down Hard Drives==
SoLow power is a good thing to have in servers. If you do not use your server very often, following previous examples, I should add this:you may want to force the hard drives to spin down faster than the default. Here is how.
First ensure ''hdparm'' package is installed: sudo dnf install hdparm To force to spin down after 10 minutes of being idle, add these lines to <code>/etc/rc.local</code>:<pre># power drives down after 10 minutes idle/sbin/hdparm -S120 /dev/sda/sbin/hdparm -S120 /dev/sdb...</pre> Most drives will power down on their own without doing this. Once stopped, the drive may take as long as 30 seconds to respond to a subsequent disk access, though most drives are much quicker. The encoding of the -S timeout value is somewhat peculiar. A value of zero means "timeouts are disabled": the device will not automatically enter standby mode. Values from 1 to 240 specify multiples of 5 seconds, yielding timeouts from 5 seconds to 20 minutes. Values from 241 to 251 specify from 1 to 11 units of 30 minutes, yielding timeouts from 30 minutes to 5.5 hours. A value of 252 signifies a timeout of 21 minutes. A value of 253 sets a vendor-defined timeout period between 8 and 12 hours, and the value 254 is reserved. 255 is interpreted as 21 minutes plus 15 seconds. Note that some older drives may have very different interpretations of these values. It may make the system run cooler and power efficient (especially on a Home Server you are rarely using all of the pool drives at the same time). =Troubleshooting===hda-diskmount==If ''hda-diskmount'' does not mount the hard drive or you prefer to do it manually, complete the following steps: Create the mount point (choose one '''NOT''' in use) [[Open Terminal as root|in a Terminal, as root]] by executing the following:<blockquote><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em;
background-color: #
000E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;"> mkdir -p /var/hda/files/drives/drive1</div></blockquote>Identify the hard drive to mount and copy the UUID from the output that corresponds to the hard drive (i.e. sdb)<blockquote><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin:
3px 3px 1em 3px;
text"> ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/</div></blockquote> :EXAMPLE: lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 29 18:10 1b8597e0-5d95-
align4474-b093-53099c8c81c9 -> ../../sda1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 29 18:10 1c161033-c695-4291-aba1-257d3987edf7 -> ../../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 29 18:
left10 b7017251-cb54-438b-92a3-781537c565e6 -> ../../sdb lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 29 18:10 c1fe62b3-41dc-4a67-8a6b-09f90b7893ba -> ../../dm-1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 29 18:10 e0f5a9bd-f52b-431e-89af-61da70659bdd -> ../../dm-2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 29 18:10 <span style="color:#FF0000">'''547b073d-e591-4913-b4fb-7c5084353979'''</span> -> ../../sdb1 :The UUID for sdX1 (i.e. sdb1 is <span style="color:#FF0000">'''RED'''</span>).Add the following to the end of ''/etc/fstab'', replacing the UUID as captured in the previous step<blockquote><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin: 3px 3px 1em 3px;">
nano /etc/fstab</div></blockquote>:EXAMPLE: # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 9 01:46:39 2013 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=1ebbf241-528c-465e-889f-acc15400dd8c / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=087b15a5-c3ca-4615-b6ee-bf5f399a803e /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=75346b8e-b162-458c-b0e9-a8d48ec2bc82 swap swap defaults 0 0 UUID=ad85eeb9-18f0-4b85-9bfa-b88a5d1489b3 swap swap defaults 0 0 <span style="color:
blue;#0000FF">
'''UUID=
9d972abc547b073d-
1639e591-
44df4913-
a60eb4fb-
668618d40236 7c5084353979 /var/hda/files/drives/
sdb1 drive1 ext4 defaults 1 2
'''</span
></div>
Save and exit nano :The new entry will be mounted as ''/var/hda/files/drives/drive1'' (CTRL-X, Y, ENTERi.e. sdb1 in '''<span style="color:#0000FF">BLUE</span>'''), and try your new mount:
Mount the hard drive<blockquote><div style="border: 1px solid #A3B1BF; padding: .5em 1em; background-color: #E6F2FF; margin:
3px 3px 1em 3px;">
mount -a
</div></blockquote> Finally:If all goes well, you'll need to configure Greyhole to select your new partitionthere should not be any output. To configure GreyholeIf there are errors, Advanced Settings must be enabled under [http://hda/setup?sub=settings&tab=setting Setup > Settings]stop and diagnose the problem.
In the Accomplish [[http:Adding_Hard_Drives_101#Verify/Test|Verify/hda/setup?sub=disk_pooling&tab=share Shares > Storage Pool pageTest]] of your Amahi dashboard, you'll see a list of step to ensure the hard drive is properly mounted partitions, with checkboxes next to each, allowing you to include those partitions in your storage pool.<br />
You should now have a new row in there, referring Repeat this process for each hard drive to /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1be mounted.
Select it (click ==Partitions > 2.1TB==If by following this tutorial you are unable to mount hard drives with partitions > 2.1TB, refer to the checkbox)[[Partitions_Over_2.1_TB|Partitions over 2.1TB]] guidance.
That=Help=If you need assistance, please post in the [https://forums.amahi.org Amahi Forums] or receive '''LIVE'''s itsupport on the [http://talk.amahi. Your new hard drive just increased your Greyhole storage pool capacityorg Amahi IRC channel].
