BE ABSOLUTELY SURE THAT YOU ARE RUNNING THESE COMMANDS AGAINST THE CORRECT DRIVE. WE CANNOT ACCEPT RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY DATA LOSS, HARDWARE MALFUNCTION, ETC!
=OK, Let's do itParted usage=
First we label the drive with a GPT partition
{{Code| parted /dev/sdb mklabel gpt}}
Now we select sectors as a unit of measurement
{{Code| parted /dev/sdb unit s}}
Now we make the partition.
{{Code| parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary ext2 ext4 2048 -1}}
Parted may complain about the last sector and will automatically suggest a correct sector, just say Yes to the prompt.
We make it as a primary partition, ext2 ext4 filesystem, and we carefully select the sectors. The first number MUST be divisible by 8, so you can try 40, 48, 56, 64 etc... For me these numbers threw up errors, so I just went to 2048 and everything worked fine, and in the grand scheme of a 3TB drive, the extra sectors don't really matter :)
The reason that the starting sector is divisible by 8 is for aligning the sectors. This is because HDD's have traditionally been based around 512-byte sectors, yet newer, higher capacity HDD's are now arriving based around 4096-byte (a.k.a. 4k) sectors. The partitioning will still work with 512-bytes, but the drive's performance will be drastically impacted - in some testing it can be twice as slow, in others up to 25 times slower, depending on the sector alignment. So it's important to get this right!!!
=Alternative Parted usage=
Instead of the sequence of one liners up there, you can enter into parted itself like this. I give this as I don't know how your version of parted is going to behave. The interactive stuff from parted has been removed:
{{Code| parted /dev/sdb (parted) mklabel gpt (parted) unit s (parted) mkpart primary ext2 ext4 2048 -1 (parted) quit}}
=Format the drive!=
Finally, let's get that drive formatted to a nice ext4 volume:
{{Code|
mkfs.ext4 -T largefile4 /dev/sdb1
}}
=Adding the drive to your HDA=Normally to add a drive to Amahi, you would run the script '''hda-diskmount''', which searches for any unmounted drives and mounts them. Unfortunately, this script doesn't yet cater for GPT partitionsmkfs. It runs an '''fdisk ext4 -l''' and searches out drives with a Linux system type, and with what it finds it mounts any that aren't mounted.T largefile4 /dev/sdb1
If we run '''fdisk -l''' by itself, we will see that our new =Adding to your HDA=See [[Adding_a_second_hard_drive_to_your_HDA#Mount|mount the hard drive doesn't return a system type of 'Linux', instead it returns 'GPT' as well as a warning:]].
{{Code|=A note about Western Digital drives=Code= WARNING: GPT Western Digital make some nice hardware, but they are also incredibly stupid. Many of their hard drives will automatically park their heads every 8 seconds, which wears out the hard drives very quickly, in some cases the HDD's will reach their design limit (GUID Partition Table300k parks for consumer, 600k parks for enterprise) detected on within 3-4 months!!! This isn'/dev/sdbt to say that the drives will necessarily die within 3-4 months, but it's still not good! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.
Fortunately we can fix this using a Western Digital tool named wdidle3. You can download it [http://support.wdc.com/product/download.asp?groupid=609&sid=113 here].
Disk Create a bootable usb drive using [http:/dev/sdb: 3000www.freedos.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes255 heads, 63 sectorsorg/freedos/track, 364801 cylinders, total 5860533168 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logicalfiles/physical)FreeDOS] and [http: 512 bytes / 4096 bytesI/O size (minimumunetbootin.sourceforge.net/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytesDisk identifierunetbootin], then copy wdidle.exe onto the usb drive. Boot up your Amahi box to FreeDOS and enter the following commands: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id Systemc:\ wdidle3 /devR wdidle3 /sdb1 1 4294967295 2147483647+ ee GPTPartition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.}}S300
So hda-diskmount correctly ignores This cd's you to the usb drive. You can either [http:'s root, then we run wdidle3 /R to display the current drive status, then we run wdidle3 /forumsS300 to set the park time to 5 minutes.amahi.org Alternatively you could run wdidle3 /viewtopic.php?f=15&t=2326 fix hda-diskmount], or you can manually mount the drives with D to completely disable the instructions belowparking.
First we make our mount pointWhen you're done, simply restart the PC!
{{Code|
mkdir /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1
}}
Next we exercise good practice and backup our fstab filen.b. Unetbootin was a bit finnicky for me, I like to use `date +%Y%m%d` to give found that if I created the name a date stamp e.g. /etc/fstab.20110731 represents drive with a backup done on the 31st of July, 2011. This isnFreeDOS live CD that it wouldn't necessarywork, you could just use something like 'fstab.oldbut if I then re-created using unetbootin's automatic distribution download feature, but date-stamping your file backups is the USB stick worked a good habit to get into{{Code|Code= cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstabtreat. YMMV.`date +%Y%m%d`}} Now we adjust the fstab file {{Code|Code= echo -e /dev/sdb1$'\t\t'/var/hda/files/drives/sdb1$'\t'ext4$'\t'defaults$'\t'1 1 >> /etc/fstab}}
What this does is adds = 4TB Hard Drives =If you have a line to the /etc/fstab file, telling new hard drive you can add it that when Amahi boots, it has now. Here are some instructions to mount use for 4TB HDD using partedto make sure the drivealignment is right. The $'\t' entries simply mean 'put in Example here is with a tab space'new HDD that appears as /dev/sdb (read here: http://rainbow.chard.org/2013/01/30/how-to-align-partitions-for-best-performance-using-parted/)
If you now run '''cat parted /etcdev/fstab''' you should see a nice entry at the bottom, similar to thissdb
{{Code|Code= cat /etc/fstabat the parted prompt
# mklabel gpt# /etc/fstab# Created by anaconda on Thu Jul 28 23:56:48 2011## Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info#/dev/mapper/vg_hda-LogVol01 / mkpart primary ext4 defaults 1 14096s 100%UUID=cc1204dd align-a4f8-42f8-8736-b5970251a865 /boot ext4 defaults check opt 1 2/dev/mapper/vg_hda-LogVol00 swap swap defaults 0 0tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0proc /proc proc defaults 0 0/dev/sdb1 /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1 ext4 defaults 1 1}}quit
Now you can either reboot to allow the fstab file to mount your new drive, or you can simply run '''mount -a'''
Now if you run mount by itself, you should see your Formating the drive listed e.g.:
{{Code|Code= mount/dev/mapper/vg_hda-LogVol01 on / type ext4 (rw)proc on /proc type proc (rw)sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)/dev/sda1 on /boot type mkfs.ext4 (rw)none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)/dev/sdd1 on /media/520abb16-ac7c-4f65-9cc3-9e536c93dca2 type ext4 (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks)L greyhole01 /dev/sdb1 on /var/hda/files/drives/sdb1 type ext4 (rw)}}
=A note about Western Digital drives=Western Digital make some nice hardware, but they are also incredibly stupid. Many of their hard drives will automatically park their heads every 8 seconds, which wears out Mounting the hard drives very quickly, in some cases the HDD's will reach their design limit (300k parks for consumer, 600k parks for enterprise) within 3-4 months!!! This isn't to say that the drives will necessarily die within 3-4 months, but it's still not good!drive:
Fortunately we can fix this using a Western Digital tool named wdidle3. You can download it [http://support.wdc.com/product/download.asp?groupid=609&sid=113 here].hda-diskmount
Create a bootable usb drive using [http:Using the output from the above command, first backup /etc/www.freedos.org/freedos/files/ FreeDOS] fstab, and [http:then add to /etc/unetbootinfstab.sourceforge.net/ unetbootin], then copy wdidle.exe onto the usb drive. Boot up your Amahi box An example (and only an example!) of what needs to be added to FreeDOS and enter the following commands: {{Code|c:\wdidle3 /Rwdidle3 etc/S300fstab all on one line:}} This cd's you to the usb drive's root, then we run wdidle3 'UUID=e68bc54a-b795-4ce0-802f-213f4ab71e60 /var/hda/R to display the current drive status, then we run wdidle3 files/S300 to set the park time to 5 minutes. Alternatively you could run wdidle3 drives/D to completely disable the parking. When youdrive1 ext4 defaults 1 2're done, simply restart the PC! n.b. Unetbootin was a bit finnicky for me, I found that if I created the drive with a FreeDOS live CD that it wouldn't work, but if I then re-created using unetbootin's automatic distribution download feature, the USB stick worked a treat. YMMV.
