{{NeedsUpdate}}[http://rsnapshot.org/ '''''rnapshotrsnapshot'''''] is an excellent backup application and has been around for a long time and is extremely stable.

Off-the-shelf external USB drives normally are setup to work with computers that utilize CIFS type filesystems. rsnapshot uses a "hard links" feature that is unique to Linux/Unix filesystems (ext3). "Hard Links" are not supported on filesystems such as: '''"smbfs"''', '''"Samba (SMB)"''', '''"FAT"''', '''"FAT32"''', '''"NTFS"''', '''"CIFS"''', '''"vfat"'''. Please note that "Amahi Greyhole" mounts Amahi shares that will look like "local disk drives" '''''but''''' these are Samba (SMB) mounted shares. The An external disk drive will have to be prepared for a Linux/Unix filesystem, in particular ext3. Why? ext3 has been around for sometime, is stable, and "Windows" computers have Open Source drivers available that can be installed to gain access to an ext3 drive.

* Using a "terminal " session, login in using the "root" user ID.

<blockquote>Enter the following command: dmesg The following information is displayed:{{Text|Text=<pre>[11122.304178] usb 2-4: new high-speed USB device number 5 using ehci_hcd

[11123.516813] sdb: sdb1}}</blockquotepre>

<blockquote>{{Code| umount /dev/sdb1}}</blockquote>

<blockquote>{{Code| mkfs -t ext3 -v -L usbdisk /dev/sdb1}}</blockquote>

<blockquote>The following information is displayed:{{Text|Text=<pre>mke2fs 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012)

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done}}</blockquotepre>

<blockquote> Enter the following to remove the reserved space:{{Code| tune2fs -m 0 /dev/sdb1}}</blockquote><blockquote>The following information is displayed:{{Text|Text= tune2fs 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012) Setting reserved blocks percentage to 0% (0 blocks)}}

 To find the label at anytime via the "root" user ID enter: e2label /dev/sdb1 The following information is displayed: usbdisk Both methods of mounting will be controlled by the server's "fstab" configuration file. The fstab (a.k.a . file systems table) file is a system configuration file containing lists of available disks and disk partitions, and indicates how they are to be initialized or otherwise integrated into a system's file system. When the "mount" command is used, the fstab file is read to determine which options should be used when mounting a specified device.

To Auto-mount your usbdisk (so of an external USB drive will occur when a server "boots" or "reboots". Provided the backup will work fstab configuration file is properly configured. A powered up USB drive that is plugged in after a reboot) do server has completed the boot process is not auto-mounted. However, using a "terminal" session with the following:"root" user ID, and issuing a "mount -a" command will mount an external USB drive.

Configure fstab to auto-mount an external USB drive do the following:cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_bak

Add * Navigate to this the "etc" directory with the "cd" command and make a backup of the current fstab file. cd /etc cp /fstab /fstab_bak

Save * Near the bottom of the and after the other fstab entries, add the following:  LABEL=usbdisk /media/usbdisk ext3 defaults 0 0 * Now save the fstab fileand exit the editor.* Navigate to the /media directory and create a "usbdisk" directory. This is where the external drive will be mounted, this is called a "mount point". cd /media mkdir usbdisk * Make sure the external drive USB cable is connected to the server and is powered up.* Reboot the server.* Remember the disk label set earlier when formatting the drive? During the boot process when the "LABEL" is read, this instructs the system to find a hard disk with the label "usbdrive", and then mounts it to the mount point, "/media/usbdisk".

:mkdir -p /media* Navigate to the "etc" directory with the "cd" command and make a backup of the current fstab file. cd /usbdisketc cp /.privatefstab /.snapshotsfstab_bak

:chmod 0700 /media/usbdisk/* Using a preferred file editor (i.private/ e. vi, nano), open the fstab file. nano fstab

* Near the bottom of the and after the other fstab entries, add the following:chmod 0755 LABEL=usbdisk /media/usbdisk/.private/.snapshots/ usbdrive ext3 rw,noauto,users,exec,noatime 0 0

===Modify rsnapshot configuration===* Now save the fstab file and exit the editor.* Navigate to the /media directory and create a "usbdisk" directory. This is where the external drive will be mounted, this is called a "mount point". cd /media mkdir usbdrive* Make sure the external drive USB cable is connected to the server and is powered up.* Reboot the server.* Start a "terminal" session login as the "root" user ID.* To manually mount the external drive issue the following command:nano mount -L usbdisk* The system reads the fstab, when it finds a line entry with the label "usbdrive", it mounts the drive the mount point, "/etcmedia/rsnapshotusbdisk".conf

With both mounting methods the external drive can be unmounted by the following:snapshot_root /media/usbdisk/.private/.snapshots/

* Start a "terminal" session login as the "root" user ID.* Issue the following command to unmount the external drive:no_create_root 1umount /media/usbdrive* Should an error occur indicating that the drive is busy and cannot be unmounted enter the command below. Then try the unmount command again. fuser -km /media

* Open a "terminal" session and login using the "root" user ID:interval daily 7

:interval weekly 4yum install rsnapshot

* Now create the directory structures for storing the backups:interval monthly 12

:backup /var/hda/files/movies/ localhost* Move to the "/etc" directory.

:backup /var/hda/files/music/ localhost cd /etc

:* Make a backup /var/hda/files/othersharesyoumade localhost/copy of the rsnapshot configuration file. Why? So that there is a reference just in case.

* Now using a favourite editor, open the "rnapshot.conf" file.<br/>'''Please Note:''' Items in the configuration file are separated by "tab" characters and NOT multiple spaces. nano rsnapshot configtest.conf

snapshot_root /media/usbdisk/.private/.snapshots/}} * Find the "no_create_root" section and remove the "#". This will allow rsnapshot to create the "snapshot root" directory.  no_create_root 1 * Find the "BACKUP INTERVALS" section and change the line items. What does this all mean? The "#" character at the beginning of each line means the configuration line item will not be enabled. Remove the "#" character as required. For example, when enabled the "interval daily" line will be active and 7 days of backups will be kept.  interval hourly 6 interval daily 7 interval weekly 4 interval monthly 12 * Find the "GLOBAL OPTIONS" section. This section defines how much information will be saved in the rsnapshot "log" file. The options are: Verbose level, 1 through 5. 1 Quiet Print fatal errors only 2 Default Print errors and warnings only 3 Verbose Show equivalent shell commands being executed 4 Extra Verbose Show extra verbose information 5 Debug mode EverythingChange the following options as required: verbose 3 loglevel 3 * Find the "logfile" line and change the line item. After rsnapshot has completed backups this is where the resulting "log" file is stored. Change this line as required.  logfile /var/log/rsnapshot}} * Find the "BACKUP POINTS / SCRIPTS" section. Add changes as seen below. This is the section that defines the "key directories" that will be backed up. Please note the "localhost/", this represents the server that it being backed up. "localhost/" is a default name given to the current server. Change this name as required, say "amahiBox/"?  backup /var/hda/files/docs/ localhost/ backup /var/hda/files/pictures/ localhost/ backup /var/hda/files/movies/ localhost/ backup /var/hda/files/music/ localhost/ backup /var/hda/files/other_shares_you_made localhost/ * Save the "rsnapshot.conf" file. ===Email reportingTest the Configuration Changes ===* Now the changes to the rsnapshot configuration file have to be tested. rsnapshot has a feature to test changes to make sure things have been setup correctly. * Enter the following on the command-line to initiate the test.  rsnapshot configtest}} * When the test completes the following should be displayed:  Syntax OK * If an error occurs the rsnapshot configuration file will need to be checked.

:cp /usr/share/doc/rsnapshot*/utils/rsnapreportUsing a "terminal" session and "root" user ID a "cron job" configuration can be created to perform automated backups.pl /rootCreate a "cronjobs" text file as follows: crontab -l > cronjobs

:chmod 744 rsnapreport* Using a favourite text editor open the cronjobs file.pl

* Add to the cronjobs file for rsnapshot:crontab -l > cronjobs

add to this file for running 0 */4 * * * /usr/bin/rsnapshot hourly 30 23 * * * /usr/bin/rsnapshot daily 00 23 * * 1 /usr/bin/rsnapshot and a weekly email report on 30 22 1 * * /usr/bin/rsnapshot:monthly

:0 */4 * Save the cronjobs file.* * /usr/bin/rsnapshot hourly 2>&1 | /Now update the "root/rsnapreport.pl > /root/rsnapreport" user IDs "crontab" with the following:

:00 23 * * 1 /usr/bin/Reboot the server and rsnapshot weeklywill be operational.

===Email reporting===* To email a report of backups:30 22 1 * * /usr/bin/rsnapshot monthly

:00 22 * * 6 cp /usr/binshare/doc/rsnapshot du >> */rootutils/rsnapreport | nail –r "somereturnadress@provider.com" -s"HDA backup report" -S smtp=smtp.yourprovider.com youremail@provider.com < pl /root/ chmod 744 rsnapreport.pl'''*''' above indicates an rsnapshot version number

Save * Add the filefollowing to crontab for a weekly email report on rsnapshot:

<pre style="white-space:crontab cronjobspre-wrap; word-break: keep-all;">0 */4 * * * /usr/bin/rsnapshot hourly 2>&1 | /root/rsnapreport.pl > /root/rsnapreport00 22 * * 6 /usr/bin/rsnapshot du >> /root/rsnapreport | nail –r "somereturnadress@provider.com" -s"HDA backup report" -S smtp=smtp.yourprovider.com youremail@provider.com < /root/rsnapreport</pre>

Rsnapshot should now be operational'''Please Note:''' The above information maybe out of date due to technology changes. Please feel to update as required.

: chkconfig nfs --level 2345 on

: nano /etc/exports

: /media/usbdisk/.private/.snapshots/ 127.0.0.1(ro,no_root_squash)

: nano /etc/rc.local

: mount -r -t nfs localhost:/media/usbdisk/.private/.snapshots/ /var/hda/files/backup/